- Chaetonema amphora Wieser, 1953
- Chaetonema canellatum Gerlach, 1956
- Chaetonema captator Wieser, 1953
- Chaetonema longisetum (Steiner, 1916) Filipjev, 1927 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Chaetonema oxystomoides Delamare Deboutteville, Gerlach & Siewing, 2015 accepted as Fenestrolaimus vestitus Gerlach, 1956
- Chaetonema patagonica Lo Russo, Villares & Pastor de Ward, 2016
- Chaetonema riemanni Platt, 1973
- Chaetonema steineri Filipjev, 1927 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Chaetonema vicinum Gerlach, 1954 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)